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Would Beethoven take care of his score?

Roberta Pili — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 15:31:34 +0000

Beethoven’s 32 piano sonatas represent the ultimate milestone for a pianist. Everybody knows that. Yet there are plenty of different point of views about the right interpretation of this musical testament. Since great pianists began in the nineteenth century to perform Beethoven sonatas as Hans von Bülow, Anton Rubinstein, Artur Schabel, Ferruccio Busoni, just to mention few important names, a tradition about the art of interpretation was born.
Exactly spoken two main streams of performance have been created since then: those who play with extreme fidelity to the written score and those who prefer to let play the spirit of the composer through his work.
For example Anton Rubinstein was known for his fervid playing, his purpose of deliberate piano virtuosity went beyond the score, creating a unique atmosphere for his audience. Rubinstein seemed to directly communicate with the composer while playing, establishing the connection as a re-creator of the composition and offering the completed work in its entire musical, philosophical, even spiritual dimension to the listeners. But he did not always achieve a consensus among the critics and audience of that time, probably because of his daring manner of virtuosic pianism, imposing histrionics and the power of an individual artistic expression.

On the polar side of interpretative tradition of Beethoven sonatas Hans von Bülow should be mentioned at this point. He proposed another model of recital programs, approaching the historical concerts from the intellectual structure line and defining the performance as an eloquent pianist.
Bülow strictly disapproved elementary recital programs with short piano pieces, rather he wanted to develop such an encyclopedic design of the presented works. His performance of the last five piano sonatas by Beethoven on a single concert evening produced enthusiasm and rejection at the same time. He simply caused this kind of reaction because he intended to “educate” the audience to achieve a higher intellectual perception and understanding of Beethoven’s musical message.

The quintessence of Beethoven interpretation probably remains a matter of taste. The reception of Beethoven’s music by the audience has been mostly influenced by the personality of the pianist and his own execution of the works.
Nevertheless the unavoidable question of choosing between a faithful reading of the score and a more creative, even inventive and inspiring interpretation still characterizes the main concern.

By paying attention to the concert scene, I notice that today’s concert pianists seem to follow the musical text adherence as a rule for the interpretation of Beethoven sonatas.
Text adherence does not necessary mean to express the intrinsic being of Beethoven.
The creator of a masterwork is greater than his creation, the mental form of his work contains more than the written indications using notes, dynamic instructions, pedal signs and tempi.
I truly believe that pianists who are seeking for the right interpretation of Beethoven sonatas should try to discover the truth in between the written notes. This truth may appear hidden at first glance, but understanding Beethoven is nothing but a work in progress…

2010 – Schumann meets Chopin

Roberta Pili — Tue, 06 Oct 2009 21:50:53 +0000

Next year 2010 two great romantic composers share the celebration of their year of birth, obviously 200 years later.
Robert Alexander Schumann ( June 8th, 1810 ) and Frédéric François Chopin ( March 1st, 1810 ) marked the Romanticism in its musical and mostly piano tradition for a couple of decades in the middle of the 19th century.
Both defined a very personal style of musical expression.

Schumann’s art of composing was focused on the strong character of German cultural influence “Sturm und Drang”, perpetuating Beethoven’s message of a universal impact of music. Due to his early education, Schumann further developed a more personal style between literary ideas and musical representation. This can be heard in his pieces Papillons Op.2 and mostly in the Carnaval Op.9.
Pianists have generally a problem by interpreting Schumann, especially when they have to follow the indications of Tempi in his piano works. Schumann also characterized his state of mind by regularly changing the speed related to the different thematic expositions. In fact this was the way how the composer perfectly reflected his tormented soul. The pianist should be able to immerge in Schumann’s divided psyche, otherwise the execution of his works will remain nothing but a distorted interpretation which is dispraising the author’s intention.

Chopin was the eternal romantic poet of the black and white keys.
His entire inner being was dedicated to his instrument, the piano. His style is particularly known for the rubato (Italian stolen time ), a special feeling by playing musical phrases in the balance between speeding up and slowing down the tempo.
Chopin’s nature was introverted. Like Schumann he also perfectly reflected this character into his music, creating a very personal and unique art of musical painting.
Chopin was definitely inspired by Bach and Mozart. Bach delivered him the understanding of polyphony and motivic thorough-composition, instead Mozart offered him the simplicity and clarity of a melodic line. Nevertheless Chopin was able to be idiosyncratic enough to personalize his compositions.

Many pianists will get their hands full next year with these two masters.
A question still remains: who will be finally able to pay the most respectful interpretative tribute to Schumann and Chopin?
We will listen full of expectation…

Basic principles of efficient practicing – I

Roberta Pili — Sun, 14 Dec 2008 10:03:19 +0000

Did you ever ask yourself whether your piano practicing is in fact efficient? Or have you ever had the feeling that your exercises on the keyboard are just a boring routine you daily repeat while not knowing why you do it?
Remember first: Practicing means exploring every unknown detail of the score you are studying; it is like disclosing the secret of music and discovering the unlimited power of the composers´masterworks.
A good approach to your daily practice should include a Prelude and Fugue from the Well-Tempered Clavier by J.S.Bach. This repertoire represents the absolute fundamental work for a pianist.
Studying meticulously Preludes and mostly Fugues by Bach requires a high concentration, especially when pointing out the plurality of voices (polyphony) relating together through counterpoint. This is the basis of efficient practicing and, in the long term, the perfect construction of high professional piano playing.
After your first approach with Bach, choose a piece which is immediately connected to those specific Prelude and Fugue. Create for your practice session a direct relationship between the pieces you decide to work at. You can set different criteria in doing so, for example if you consider the common key as an esthetic detail of this relationship, thematic similarities or motivic recalls from one piece to another, related characters in the musical message. You should also take care of your mental work. Be concentrated during your practicing and you will notice a speedy development of your skills as a performer. Do not just play notes or push keys down, try rather to shape the musical phrase focussing on a beautiful tone. Be interested in the quality of your daily practicing, because it will affect the quality of your being a pianist.

Suggestions of different piano works for a practice session:

Begin:

J.S.Bach, Well-Tempered Clavier Book II – Prelude and Fugue D Minor BWV 875

Connected work:

L.v.Beethoven, Piano Sonata D Minor Op. 31 No. 2 – “The Tempest” / First movement

Related works:

S.Rachmaninoff, Piano Concerto D Minor No.3 Op.30, First movement
Bach-Busoni, Chaconne / First part to the begin of the D major key section (quasi Tromboni)

You can take these practicing ideas to build a large repertoire. Try this every day, rotating with other pieces and being creative in the combination of them for your session. Be sure to remain highly concentrated during the whole practice, otherwise your work will be unproductive and unreliable.
If you have any questions, don´t wait and ask for help by simply posting a comment.